Graphite electrode market analysis in 2018

Graphite is an allotrope of carbon with a crystalline form and occurs in nature in the form of dispersed crystal flakes in high-grade metamorphic rocks, as veins, and as microcrystalline ‘amorphous’ graphite associated with metamorphosed coal seams

Graphite possesses some useful properties which allow it to be used for a number of different uses across a broad range of industries. These properties consist of reactivity, lubrication, tolerance to extreme temperatures (for use in refractories) and strength. Most importantly, Graphite has some crucial conductive properties (known as reversible capacity) which makes it the most appropriate element for use as an anode material within Li-ion batteries.

The Graphite market can be divided on the basis of product type and applications. On the basis of product type, the market can be divided into natural and synthetic. On the basis of applications, the market can be segmented into electrodes, foundries, recarburisers, batteries and friction products. The global Graphite market is expected to increase at high growth rates during the forecast period (2017-2021). The global Graphite market is supported by various factors such as boom in Lithium ion battery energy capacity, spike in electric vehicle production and increase in steel production via electric arc furnace, etc.

However, issues related to production & supply of Graphite and overdependence on China are some of the challenges faced by the market. Expected boost in the use of natural Graphite and upsurge in Graphite development projects globally are some of the latest trends existing in the market.

“Recently, the graphite electrode prices have risen sharply, impacting both the steel and aluminium industries. Rising prices are majorly a result of sharp cut in supply of graphite electrodes from China. In the present scenario, the demand for graphite electrodes is significantly higher, compared to its supply”

The growth of steel-oriented sectors such as construction, automotive, infrastructure, aerospace & defence, and many others has led to a surge in the consumption and production of steel. Now a days, manufacturers have opted for electric arc furnaces (EAF) for manufacturing steel, which requires graphite electrodes as a main component. Being a prerequisite of steel manufacturing process or smelting process via EAF route, the demand for graphite electrodes is linked to the demand for EAF.

Graphite electrode production in China has fallen drastically, which in turn has resulted into manifold increase in its prices. China, which was a major manufacturer and supplier of graphite electrodes to different countries worldwide is expected to start importing the same in order to meet its own market demand, after it almost stopped the manufacturing of graphite electrodes recently. The country is amongst major steel producers of the world and hence, is inevitably, also a major consumer of graphite electrodes.

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